Bibliography Of Performance Islamic Banks Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1407 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Abdel-Hameed M. Bashir, 2003, Determinants Of Profitability in Islamic Banks : Some Evidence from the Middle East, Islamic Economic Studies, vol. 11, No. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Bibliography Of Performance Islamic Banks Example For Free" essay for you Create order 1. Authors article study the determinants of profitability in Islamic banks across eight Middle East countries between 1993 and 1998. The author attempts to examine the relationship between the performance of Islamic banks and the internal and external banking characteristics. The performance of bank is measured by using the operating efficiency and profitability measures. The author also used several ratios to access the relationship between performance and internal bank characteristics. In order to separate the effects of bank characteristics on performance, the author has addressed the four variables of external characteristics that is necessary to control which are the macroeconomic environment, the financial market structure, the regulation indicators, and country (dummy) variables. The authors analysis found that a higher profit margins results from a larger equity to total asset ratio and larger loan to asset ratio interacted with GDP. Abdus Samad M. Kabir Hassan, 2009, The Performance of Malaysian Islamic Bank During 1984-1997 1997: An Exploratory Study, International Journal of Islamic Financial Services, Feb 2009, vol. 1, No.3 This article is an exploratory study on performance of Malaysian Islamic bank where the author evaluates the Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) performance in term of risk and solvency, community involvement, liquidity and profitability during 1984-1997. The author used financial ratios as the method to evaluate banks performance and also do the comparison of the performance of Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) between two periods that are 1984-1989 and 1990-1997. Not only have that, the author also made comparison between Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) versus other conventional banks. As the result, Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) relatively less risky and more liquid compared to other conventional banks. Anjum Siddiqui, 2008, Financial Contracts, Risk and Performance of Islamic Banking, Managerial Finance, vol. 34, No. 10 pp. 680-694 This article is discussing about the financial contracts, risk and performance of the Islamic Banks in terms of their contracts and risks. This article examines the risks occurred and the various modes of Islamic Banking. The author has stated that Islamic Banks are prohibited from acquiring any three elements into their transactions which are interest (Riba), uncertainty (Gharar), and gambling (Maysir). Since now, the Islamic Windows are very popular, there is an uncertainty whether the conventional banks with Islamic Windows products are receiving or paying any three elements stated above. There are several financial contracts which stated by the author, which are cost plus sales (Murabaha), credit sales (bay bithaman ajil), leasing (Ijarah), partnerships (Mudarabah and Musharakah), forward contracts (Salam and Istisna), and also Qardul Hasan (benevolent loan). Along with these financial contracts, there are several risks which the bank should bear. Some of the risks are credit r isk, liquidity risk, withdrawal risk, legal risk, operational risk and also the fiduciary risk. One of the risks which is commonly bear by the Islamic Bank is credit risk which means the risk is arise due to the asymmetric information. Mahmood H. Al-Osaimy Ahmed S. Bamakhramah, 2004, An Early Warning System for Islamic Banks Performance, Islamic Econ., vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 3-14 This article is about the warning system for Islamic banks performance where the author explored the increasing demand for predicting the performance of Islamic banks due to the vital importance of any problem that may face these banks before it materializes and negatively affects their performance and their financial status. The article comprehensively analyzes the save on the costs of bad performance or failure to depositors, owners and the economy. The rationale for an early warning system comes from several reasons. However, this article tries to find out at benefiting from the previous research efforts on the subject to develop a preliminary model for the prediction of the performance level of Islamic banks (i.e. an early warning system), hoping for further development and improvisation and application. The author also does the research or study on Discriminate analysis and scores are then extracted and used to differentiation between the higher and lower performance groups of banks, then forming a possible early warning system for the prediction of future performance of the observed banks. Lastly it was tested and conclusions were made. Racha Ghayad, 2008, Corporate Governance and the Global Performance of Islamic Banks, Humanomics, vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 207-216 In this article, the author attempts to study the corporate governance and the global performance of Islamic banks. The author found that the elements that affect the performance of Islamic banks are the internal variables of quantitative nature and the internal qualitative variables. The author also revealed that the previous Sharia board members have lack of knowledge in modern banking, experience, and banking language. In order to ensure a better quality of supervision and consultation, they need a qualification in finance and commerce. Besides that, the author has addressed two roles of Sharia board in the operation of Islamic banks which are legal and tacit role. These roles are essential in order to ensure that the Islamic banks are in compliance with the Sharia rules and principle in their operation. Salina H. Kassim M. Shabri Abd. Majid, 2010, Impact of financial shocks on Islamic banks : Malaysian evidence during 1997 and 2007 financial crises, International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, vol. 3 No. 4, pp. 291-305 From the article above, the author is discussing on the ability of the Islamic banks facing the financial crisis, namely the 1997 Asian financial crisis and 2007 financial crisis. The study is to look whether the Islamic banks is more resilient compared to the conventional banks. This is due to the instinctive nature which all of the financial transactions must be based on the trade and also asset linked. This is also because of the Islamic banks practices which emphasize on the trade based arrangements and prohibits the involvement of the interest based transactions. From the quotation of other journal stated in this article, there is proof that Islamic banks are more liquid than the conventional banks and thus less exposed to the liquidity risk. The author use two methodologies to test the Islamic banks and deposits financing. There are impulse responds functions and variance decomposition analysis. The result shows that Islamic financing respond significantly to the crisis. Sudin Harun, 1996, The Effects of Management Policy on the Performance of Islamic Banks, Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 1996, Vol. 13, No. 2 In this article, the author attempt to examine the effects of management policy on the performance of Islamic banks. Author used three variables included investment, savings and current accounts to indicate the effects of management policy on profitability. The author also found an opposite relation between fund-use management and profitability ratios. Other than that, the author also found the percentage of income from financing activities towards profit-sharing ratio measures between Islamic banks and the users of fund. For the profit-sharing ratio between banks and depositors, it seem give benefits to both parties. Turen S., 1996, Performance and Risk Analysis of the Islamic Bank: The Case of Bahrain Islamic Bank, Islamic Econ., vol. 8, pp. 3-14 In this article, the author uses the analysis from Bahrain Islamic banks. The purpose of this paper is to investigate quantitatively and also at micro level the claim that Islamic banking offers high performance and stability and to evaluate the risk-return characteristics of the Islamic banks, Bahrain Islamic Bank (BIB) has been taken as an example. The research is conducted through three different methods that is financial ratio analysis and stock analysis both indicate that BIB offers a higher return and a lower coefficient of variation than the other commercial banks. Portfolio analysis too, shows that BIBs stock is the best for the purpose of portfolio diversification. The results of the investigation can be used as a partial but quantitative explanation to the arguments whether the profit sharing concept of Islamic banking can achieve a higher profitability and lower risk than conventional commercial banks.  ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­____________________________________________________________________________ SUMMARY OF JOURNAL ARTICLES ON THE RESEARCH TOPIC From the literature review above of the title of The Performance of the Islamic Banks in Malaysia, we had found that there are many determinants of the Islamic banks to be efficient in various ways. From the topic above, we can clarify that Islamic banks also has to perform better to compete with the conventional banks. Most of the articles summarized are discussing on the performance if Islamic banks itself and its efficiency. We believe that the summary is important to the research topic when it will be conducted.

It Is Often Stated That Prison Does Not Work Because of...

Introduction What is Recidivism- Recidivism is a term, applied in the Criminal Justice System for criminals who despite having been punished for a crime go on to repeat it, only to be returned to a custodial sentence. It is for this particular reason that the penal system need to decide whether the system is effective in doing its job, or reforms are needed to improve the way it conducts itself. What causes Recidivism? Recidivism is caused by criminals who have been through the courts and prison system and still refuse to turn away from crime; the causes of repeat crime may involve many social factors, such as society, the economic climate, or family issues that may affect the criminal in a negative manner. Perhaps the need for†¦show more content†¦June 1998-June 2001 * Total prisoner population, despite growing slightly between 25%- 27% remained stable (700) Increase did not occur as rapidly as it would have had the HDC not been introduced.( Home Detention Curfew) * The increasing custody rates continued grew from 25%-27% due to extension of executive recall of medium-term prisoners. June 2001-June 2003 * Prisons saw an increase of 7,300 caused by increase in remand, recall and sentenced population * Increase driven by those serving more than 4 years or more. * Reflecting a more frequent deployment of longer sentences, again due to most offences being sentenced for VATP and drug offences. June 2003-2005 * Saw a small increase of 2,500 in prison population June 205-2009 * Despite introducing the ECL (End of Custody Licence) the population rose to 5,900 due to lagged effect of previous large increases of offenders who were on longer sentences. The Ministry of Justice Bulletin states that the overall increase in the prison population of 66% was due to the segments mentioned in the beginning of my report. According Juliet Lyon, Director of Prison Reform, the answer to the rise in prison population lies in the way crime is viewed by the media and whatever political party is in power at the time She also states that high profile and disturbing cases tend to distort the perception of the public at large and making them intolerant to crime in any form. Juliet debates thatShow MoreRelatedPrison Reform Topic Paper : Prisons6604 Words   |  27 PagesPrison Reform Topic Paper Submitted By: Toni Nielson - CSU, Fullerton Unique Educational Opportunities Prisons are closed institutions. They are established and funded by governments to hold people against their will, but why punish (Zyl Smit, 2010)? What is the purpose of prison? This fundamental question stirs up a significant amount of debate. The government, citizens, educators, and even prisoners are divided about the right answers. There is disagreement in the US about the purpose ofRead MoreThe Prison System Needs Reform7898 Words   |  32 PagesPrisons have become one of the most polarizing topics, especially, in the United States and even around the world. Whether the prison system needs reform or outside forces are changing how prisons operate. Prisons are becoming overcrowded. Overcrowding is causing problems within the prisons with sexual assault, healthcare, racism, and solitary confinement. These came to more attention in 2014. When T.J. Lane escapes from Allen Oakwood Correctional Institution. T.J. Lane was serving three life sentencesRead MoreEssay on Pedophiles and the Criminal Justice System8452 Words   |  34 PagesWhen one thinks of a young child one thinks of joy, innocence, and being carefree. Too often than not though that innocence is taken from a young child through sexual abuse. Studies have shown over and over again that a child who has been sexually abused carries those scars with them into adulthood, many times affecting adult relationships. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; When aRead MoreLaw Enforcement in the 21st Century15936 Words   |  64 PagesDepartment of the Treasury U.S. Postal Service Tribal Agencies Chapter Objectives ââ€"  Describe the concept of linkage blindness and its importance in the criminal justice system. ââ€"  Understand the police role in maintaining social control. ââ€"  Explain why discretion is a necessary aspect of policing. ââ€"  Explain what is meant by the rule of law. ââ€"  Understand the role of law enforcement in the criminal justice system. ââ€"  Contrast the crime control and due process models. ââ€"  List the different levels of law

Organizational Behaviour for Transactional Analysis and Johari

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Behaviour for Transactional Analysis and Johari. Answer: Organizational behaviour is the study of human behaviour in organizational settings (Griffin Moorhead, 2011). Understanding organizational behaviour is crucial for effective human resource management within the organization. Through this course, I have learnt various tools that have helped me in gaining a deeper insight about my own personality. These tools have also helped me highlight my strengths and weaknesses. The predominant tools used are MBTI, DISC, transactional analysis and Johari Window. These tools have helped me understand and further analyze my behaviour in terms of communication and conflict management. Johari window is an effective tool that can be used for training self-awareness, improving communications and interpersonal relationships (Hillson Murray-Webster, 2017). The matrix has been effectively designed for people to gain a deeper insight into their personalities. There are certain aspects of my personality which are known to myself and all around me. Every individual has a large open arena. There are many personality attributes of individuals that are known to everyone. As a person, I have always been an open book and rarely shied away from sharing my feelings or emotions. My open arena includes my personality attributes include my extrovert, helping, assertive, practical and highly optimistic nature. While using this tool, I tried to seek feedback from my peers and friends in order to understand those aspects of my personality which are unknown to me but known to others. My friends mentioned to me that I often tend to get highly aggressive during arguments and entirely fail to consider the viewpoints of others. Another feedback that I received was that I can sometimes get insensitive towards peoples feelings or emotions as I tend to be too practical in my behavior. The third section of the matrix that focuses on personality attributes that an individual is aware of but others are unaware of (McCabe Timmins, 2013). This includes my massive stage fear and inability to articulate and present my thoughts in an effective manner. This test helped me in understanding that I must learn to be more sensitive towards other people and respect their opinions. Being modest is important to grow in organization and build positive relationships with colleagues and clients. Therefore, I would work towards enhancing my threshold for patience and resolving conflicts in an effective manner. Transactional analysis throws light on four important states that an individual can be in. These four stats include two parent states and two child states (Clarkson, 2013). In a parent state, one can be nurturing or controlling while in the child state one can be free or adaptive. After online surveys and seeking feedback from my friends and family members, I have realized that my dominant state is that of a Controlling parent. This depicts a strong personality and the ability to convince people. The results also people with this dominant state find it difficult to be open to learning new things and often block themselves from developing new ideas. This can act against me in the long run. At workplace, especially in the field of sales, employees have to interact with new clients frequently. Each client is different and hence needs to be treated differently. Success and growth in any organization is only plausible when one is open to learning and embracing new ideas (Barrow, Bradshaw Newton, 2012). Therefore I would work upon improving this aspect of my personality.However, this personality instils traits of an authoritative leader. Autocratic leaders assist the organization by bringing order and control to the everyday operations of the organization. DISC personality test demonstrates an individuals personality depending upon four important factors of dominance, influence, steadiness and compliance (Lykourentzou et. al., 2016). My DISC personality test results showed that I have a dominating personality with an immense strong inner motivation to influence people and circumstances. The test results also reflected upon my competitive nature. I scored the high in two areas; dominance and influence. I can completely relate with the analysis of the test. The test results highlight me as a dominant person that can have a large influence on others. DISC personality model is highly effective for an individual in analyzing their personality (Emanuel, 2013). The tool can highlight the aspects that an individual needs to work upon. I have scored the least in compliance. This reflects that I have a difficult time in complying with what is being told to me. This is true for my behavior. I believe in doing things on my own regard and opinions of others matter less to me. In fact, very often I find it difficult for myself to listen to authorities and obey them. After taking this test, I analyzed that I need to work upon improving this aspect of my personality comply with and respect those in authority. In the workplace, it is important to establish a clear chain of command. In such a case, I would have to report to my seniors. Hence, it is imperative that I improve upon this from now onwards. I have also scored really less in Steadiness. Steadiness reflects upon the individuals ability to have patience, control temperament and be persistent. As a person, I have been very impatient and this attribute can hamper my work life. I wish to make a career in the field of sales. A sales job requires consistent follow ups and immense persistence. Hence, it is required that I start improving this part of my personality. Myers Briggs test is one of the most renowned personality tests which helps people in understanding which personality type to they fall into out of the pre-determined 16 personality types (McShane Glinow, 2013). These personality types are based on eight importance indicators. These indicators are extroversion and introversion, perceiving and judging, sensing and intuitive and lastly thinking and feeling (Lloyd, 2012). After taking the test, I realized that my personality type is ESTJ (Extroversion, sensing, thinking and judging). My results of the test resonate well with my personality. Through this test I came to understand how I handle different situations in life. I have always been an extremely practical person. I try to make the best out of every situation by evaluating the pros and cons. I am judgmental and I only believe in making practical choices in life. I have understood that my personality type has certain advantages as well as disadvantages. Being practical helps me in taking calculated risks and be prepared for unforeseen situations that I may encounter in my future workplace. Strictly from a work perspective, being practical and calculate helps in being more prepared. Owing to this personality type, I have decided to build a career in sales and marketing. In order to be successful in the same I need to focus upon my communication as well as relationship management skills. Sales job requires excellence in communication and negotiation skills (Martin, 2011). I would try to make these my strength and excel in sales field of a leading organization. One specific incident wherein I applied the MBTI model in order to resolve conflict was my recent argument with my team members. We needed to do a project that required us to introduce a new product and try to sell it to our friends and family members. My team member was introducing products which was creative for others but would not help us in making any profits. On the other hand, I had done a demand analysis for the product and I realized it will not sell in the market. After various arguments, I realized that my team member has an entirely different personality from me. I asked her to take the MBTI test and her personality type was ENFP. This made me realize that she is highly creative and emotional. It is difficult for her to see things practically. On the other hand, I am very practical and often assertive. In order to resolve this conflict, I decided to take a step back. I had a one on one meeting with her wherein we mutually decided that we can work together more effectively . She can focus on the creative side of our new product and make it appealing to customers. Along with that, I can take care of more practical issues including reducing our overall costs and increasing profit margins. The example given above is one of the many examples in my life where I tried to understand different personality types of people. Personality tests like MBTI, DISC and TA help people in resolving conflicts and enhancing their level of communication with others. Resolving conflict in an effective manner is imperative for the long term success of any relationship (Moore, 2014). This course and these tests have largely helped me in gaining a much deeper insight about my own personality. Self-reflection helps people in identifying their weakness so that they can work upon it. I am grateful that I took this course through my learnings here, I have been able to take control of the conflicts that I face and resolve them effectively. I will continue to take these tests every few months in order to stay updated about my own strengths and weaknesses. References Barrow, G., Bradshaw, E. and Newton, T., 2012.Improving behaviour and raising self-esteem in the classroom: A practical guide to using transactional analysis. Routledge. United Kingdom. Clarkson, P., 2013.Transactional analysis psychotherapy: An integrated approach. Routledge. United Kingdom. Emanuel, R.C., 2013. Do certain personality types have a particular communication style.International Journal of Social Science and Humanities,2(1), pp.4-10. Griffin, R.W. and Moorhead, G., 2011.Organizational behavior. Cengage Learning. United States Hillson, D. and Murray-Webster, R., 2017.Understanding and managing risk attitude. Routledge. United Kingdom. Lloyd, J.B., 2012. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and mainstream psychology: analysis and evaluation of an unresolved hostility.Journal of Beliefs Values,33(1), pp.23-34. Lykourentzou, I., Antoniou, A., Naudet, Y. and Dow, S.P., 2016, February. Personality matters: Balancing for personality types leads to better outcomes for crowd teams. InProceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work Social Computing(pp. 260-273). ACM. Martin, S.W., 2011. Seven personality traits of top salespeople.HBR Blog Network,27. McCabe, C. and Timmins, F., 2013.Communication skills for nursing practice. Palgrave Macmillan. McShane, S. and Von Glinow, M., 2013.M Organizational Behavior. New York, New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Moore, C.W., 2014.The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons.

Rhodesian Politics in the 20th Century UDI and the Drive Towards Freedom free essay sample

Analysis of Rhodesias unilateral declaration of independence under the government of Ian Smith. This paper deals primarily with Rhodesian (modern-day Zimbabwe) politics in the 20th century, specifically that of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) and its ideology. Issues such as the role of ZANU, Cecil Rhodes and the British invasion, and the last one hundred years of Rhodesian history are considered, particularly focusing on the countrys drive towards independence. Cecil Rhodes confrontation with the Ndebele tribe, African resistance groups and their role in fighting for freedom, and Rhodesias long history of British alliance are all discussed as subjects that help to answer the authors thesis. The main question the author tries to answer is: Was Ian Smiths government acting in good intention when declaring illegal independence from Britain? The road to freedom and development in modern day Africa has been a lengthy struggle for the continents nations. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhodesian Politics in the 20th Century: UDI and the Drive Towards Freedom or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Political negotiations, violent uprisings, and anti- European liberation movements were all employed by different African countries at various times, depending on how difficult achieving independence would be. For nations like Tanganyika, independence was obtained through less hectic means; as this countrys primary nationalist movement (Tanganyika African National Union), led by Julius Nyere, won a decisive majority in the 1958 British parliamentary election. TANUs victory coupled with the support they received from several powerful white-settler politicians resulted in independence for this nation, ultimately constructed around a fair and non-racial constitution.