Why Do We Need Criminal Law?

Why Do We Need Criminal Law? Why we need Criminal Law. Even though some believe that laws sometimes oppress the people, a society with laws would not be a society but more like a jungle because laws serve to regulate human interaction and laws enforce moral belief. The purposes of criminal law in its simplest form are to protect and serve society. Criminal law has basic functions that help protect society. Criminal law purpose in society function is to protect the basic moral of the people. In the early days in America, history during the so-called Wild West morality was a low point. Criminal without a regard for the law dominated the social norm during the cowboy era. Many townships did not have law enforcement and thus lawlessness had no buffer for crime. If control had not been restored the country in all probability would not exist today. The laws exist to create a line that must not be cross or else one will suffer the consequence of violating the law. According to Frank Schmalleger, the author of Criminal justice today, the fundamental to the concept of criminal law is the assumption that criminal act injure not just individuals, but society as a whole. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.117) Gleaning from his statement it is clear that when a crime is committed it does not only affect the victim but the community. When saying community this is to include family, friends, and possibly neighbors. Therefore, any time a law is broken it can affect many people. Moreover as a society, we need to have buffers to keep order or else disastrous society would be the norm. Since the law act as a buffer for lawlessness it is fair to say that it also set boundaries for law-abiding citizens. In order for criminal law to work these boundaries has to often deterrence. Deterrence is a goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to inhibit criminal behavior through the fear of punishment. (Schmalleger, 2011, p. 374) In order to persuade people violating the law, they need to know that there will be consequences for their actions. The purpose of deterrence is not merely to punish one for a crime it also exist t to persuade other from committing the same crime. Often time when one is drive on the interstate or freeways one will see law enforcement sitting on the side of the road. The present of the officer is a simply deterrence to driver speeding. General deterrence main goal is to reduce the probability of one committing a crime. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.374) When looking at general deterrence, it goal is stop deviance in the general population. Criminal law tries to use general deterrence that will stop future occurrence. When one in a store to shoplift they might see, a sign that state camera are monitoring the store. Furthermore, a store might have a security guard present to deter one stealing. The police might patrol an area near clubs where fight often occurs. However, there is specific deterrence that seeks to avoid repeat offenses. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.374) In specific deterrence, the goal is to prevent recidivism by convicted offenders. In this theory, it attempts to eliminate the offender repeat the crime by corporal punishment, three strike rule, and shock sentencing. When deterrence does not work the justice system only alternative is punishment. Punishment is much like deterrence in that it is seen as a crime preventive measure. Some see punishment as a nature and deserved consequence of criminal activity. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.374) If criminal law is to function correctly criminal have to know that if they commit a crime, especially after the system has place deterrence as a buffer to prevent one form committing a crime they will be punished. Punishment for offense such as child molestation is one of the toughest punishments for offenders. Next to the death penalty child molester are given the strict punishment. The offender are often limited to where they can live, seek employment and whom they can interact with in society. One might say that the punishment they receive is just but this punishment often led to recidivism. Therefore, the strictness of this punishment tends to defend the purpose. Society will say that the punishment is a success however, it is not rehabilitating. Punishment does have it place in society and does work but one must ask is punishment just or is just retribution with makeup. Retribution is seen as the act of taking revenge on criminal perpetrator. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.373) Retribution seems like the punishment that child molesters receive. The just deserts model is seen as the criminal getting what they deserve. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.374) However, this does not solve the problem it perpetual the problem in criminal law. The Court claims to justify the death penalty in retributive terms in part because execution vindicates the communitys interest in denouncing the conduct of the offender with the ultimate penalty. Nevertheless, the Courts analysis is problematic. First, if satisfying the communitys desire for punishment counts as a retributive goal, the Court uncritically understands the death penalty as the ultimate penalty. (Markel, 2009) In conclusion, society knows the purposes of criminal law in its simplest form are to protect and serve society. Criminal law can perform it basic functions, which is to help protect society. However, criminal law will never achieve it s objective if the criminal is not rehabilitated. Rehabilitation should be a main objective next protecting and serving. If society did not have criminal law, the society would not be to survive.

The Deadly Ebola Virus :: Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever (Ebola HF)

"The only sound is a choking in his throat as he continues to vomit while unconscious. Then comes a sound like a bed sheet being torn in half, which is the sound of his bowels opening at the sphincter and venting blood. The blood is mixed with his intestinal lining. He has sloughed off his gut. The lining of his intestines have come off and are being expelled along with huge amounts of blood" (Preston 17). Ebola hemorrhagic fever is probably the most publicized virus since AIDS. And for a good reason too. People "crashing out," vomiting their organs, bleeding all over the place, it certainly catches one's attention. Richard Preston's The Hot Zone, Robin Cook's Outbreak and miscellaneous exposà ©s on television have alerted the public to what was once considered a minor problem. Ebola is extremely dangerous and much study is being devoted to it so it does not become a major threat to the human race. "Ebola is one of the most pathogenic viruses known to science, causing death in 50%- 90% of all clinically ill cases." It is known for its sudden onset of fever, weakness, muscle pain, headache and sore throat that is followed by vomiting, diarrhea, organ disfunction and internal and external bleeding. It can be in the body 2 to 21 days before any symptoms can be noticed. There is no vaccine and scientists do not know where it originated. Ebola is transmitted by contact with blood, secretions, organs or semen of infected persons. It was first identified in Sudan and Zaire in 1976 (World 1996). There are four known varieties of Ebola; Ebola Zaire, Ebola Sudan, Ebola Reston and Ebola Tai. Zaire, Sudan and Tai cause illness in humans and primates unlike Reston that affects primates only. What makes them different from each other is not their shape, for that is quite similar, but their gene structure. Ebola Zaire and Ebola Sudan were first isolated in 1976 at the Center for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia, Porton Down in England and the Institute for Tropical Diseases in Antwerp, Belgium. Years later, Ebola Zaire and Ebola Sudan were found to be different strains by Dr. Joseph McCormick of the CDC. In 1989, Dr. Peter Jahrling of the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) identified the Reston strain. Ebola Tai was identified in 1995 by Dr. Bernard LeGuenno of Institute Pasteur in Paris.

ANNIH

The key idea of the annihilator method is to replace the problem of solving a non-homogeneous equation with the problem of solving a higher order homogeneous equation. The method is discussed in Section 2. 11 of Cottonwood's book. The more popular alternate approach is discussed in sections 5. 4-5. 5 of Trench's book. So we begin with a brief discussion of higher order linear homogeneous equations with constant coefficients. This is done in Section 2. 7 of Codington, as well as section 9. 2 of Trench, in more depth and greater detail.Such depth is not necessary for our purposes. So consider an equation of the form y (n) + an-I y+ahoy=O. Based on our experience with second order equations, we would naturally try solution of the form y = erg . If you go through the motions of differentiating and substituting into the equation you will get where urn + an-I urn-l + . +air+AAA, which is as before called the characteristic polynomial. The difficulty is that now if n > 2, the polynomial is of higher degree than before and such polynomials are hard to factor and find roots.We do not have available the quadratic formula. There are cubic formulas and quarter formulas that are known and used to appear in books, but they are rarely taught any more and no such formulas are available for polynomials of degree 5 or higher. So in practice it can be very hard to find the roots of the characteristic polynomial. Nevertheless, we can at least imagine factoring the polynomial and finding the roots. In general there would be a number of linear and irreducible quadratic factors. The quadratic factors might lead to complex roots.Any of these factors might be repeated and we would then get roots that appeared more than once. Suppose there were k distinct real roots RL , re , ; ark . For each such root, we would have a solution of the form yes = erg x . Then there might be several pairs of roots of the form a Ð’Â ± I;. These would give us pairs of real solutions of the form ex. coos (;x), ex. sin(;x). We saw in Chapter 3 that if a root occurred twice, we got an additional solution of the form Xerox . This still happens but more is true. Let me just make an authoritative statement, which I will make some explanatory comments about later.If a real root rig occurs times, then each of the functions XML erg x , for m = O, 1, ; ; , -? 1, is a solution. Similarly, if the pair a Ð’Â ± I; occurs times, then each 1 of the pairs of functions XML ex. coos(;x), XML ex. sin(;x), for m = O, 1, are solutions. Thus we can write down n solutions of the differential equation. For example, suppose in a problem we ended up with the factored characteristic polynomial p(r) = re (r – 2)3 (re + or + 3)2 . Then v' the root RL O occurs 4 times, the root re 2 occurs 3 times, and the pair of roots -?1 Ð’Â ± ii occurs 2 times.Thus we get as solutions 1, x, xx , xx , ex. , sex , xx ex. , e-x cost xx), e-x sin( xx), exe-x coos( xx), exe-x sin( xx), giving 11 solutions in all. ( Do you see how the first 4 of these solutions come from the root RL = O? ) Note that p(r) has degree 11 so the initial differential equation would have been of order 1 1 . Since the equation was assumed linear, the linearity properties would guarantee we could multiply each of these 1 1 solutions by an arbitrary constant and add to get many solutions of the original problem.We will see below that in all cases that occur, the polynomials will actually be easy to factor and we will not have any reason to be disheartened. With this preparation, we pass to a discussion of the annihilator method for constant coefficient linear differential equations. In order for the method to work, the equation to be solved must be of the form L(y) = f (x), where 1. L is linear with constant coefficients. . The non-homogeneous term f (x) is a solution Of a homogeneous differential equation M (y) = O, where M is linear with constant coefficients.So the basic idea is to do something to both sides of the g iven inhomogeneous differential equation so that the result is a homogeneous differential equation and we can do ha ewe already know how to do. Here is a motivational example: If we differentiate this equation twice, we get Clearly any solution of (1 ) is a solution of (2) (differentiating both sides of any true equation gives a true equation), but not conversely (two functions which fifer by a constant still have the same derivative). Thus the general solution of (2) will contain all solutions of (1), together with many extraneous solutions.

The Integration And Combined Utilization Of Renewable...

Several researches have discussed the Integration and combined utilization of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, small hydropower and their hybrid configurations. Different authors used different Technology option and approaches for a range of hybrid systems at different times, locations and different countries for determination of the optimal design of the hybrid system in terms of cost and the reliability that has become of great importance with the increasing in using of hybrid renewable energy systems, especially in remote area electrification. There have been a number of researches carried out in this regard over the last few decades. Dufo-Là ³pez et-al, [1] used Monte Carlo simulation to consider the uncertainties of irradiation and load for the optimization of the electrical supply of a hospital existed far from the electric grid in Kalong (Democratic Republic of the Congo), which is presently powered by a diesel–battery system. The optimization process based on IHOGA software and the results showed that adding solar photovoltaic (PV) to a diesel–battery system to supply the loads could obtain a 28% reduction in energy cost, 54% reduction in the fuel consumption and reducing in CO2 emissions lower than the current diesel–battery system. M. Fadaeenejad et-al, [2] presented an analysis and optimization for a hybrid system (PV/ wind/ batteries) which designed for rural electrification in Malaysia. The evaluation of the optimization accomplishedShow MoreRelatedGlobal Climate Change : A Growing Population801 Words   |  4 Pageseconomic concerns regarding energy use are driving forces towards more sustainable ways of responding to energy demands (Li et al., 2011). Energy consumption is widely increasing all around the world resulting in rising of the energy price and global environmental problems. 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Bibliography Of Performance Islamic Banks Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1407 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Abdel-Hameed M. Bashir, 2003, Determinants Of Profitability in Islamic Banks : Some Evidence from the Middle East, Islamic Economic Studies, vol. 11, No. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Bibliography Of Performance Islamic Banks Example For Free" essay for you Create order 1. Authors article study the determinants of profitability in Islamic banks across eight Middle East countries between 1993 and 1998. The author attempts to examine the relationship between the performance of Islamic banks and the internal and external banking characteristics. The performance of bank is measured by using the operating efficiency and profitability measures. The author also used several ratios to access the relationship between performance and internal bank characteristics. In order to separate the effects of bank characteristics on performance, the author has addressed the four variables of external characteristics that is necessary to control which are the macroeconomic environment, the financial market structure, the regulation indicators, and country (dummy) variables. The authors analysis found that a higher profit margins results from a larger equity to total asset ratio and larger loan to asset ratio interacted with GDP. Abdus Samad M. Kabir Hassan, 2009, The Performance of Malaysian Islamic Bank During 1984-1997 1997: An Exploratory Study, International Journal of Islamic Financial Services, Feb 2009, vol. 1, No.3 This article is an exploratory study on performance of Malaysian Islamic bank where the author evaluates the Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) performance in term of risk and solvency, community involvement, liquidity and profitability during 1984-1997. The author used financial ratios as the method to evaluate banks performance and also do the comparison of the performance of Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) between two periods that are 1984-1989 and 1990-1997. Not only have that, the author also made comparison between Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) versus other conventional banks. As the result, Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) relatively less risky and more liquid compared to other conventional banks. Anjum Siddiqui, 2008, Financial Contracts, Risk and Performance of Islamic Banking, Managerial Finance, vol. 34, No. 10 pp. 680-694 This article is discussing about the financial contracts, risk and performance of the Islamic Banks in terms of their contracts and risks. This article examines the risks occurred and the various modes of Islamic Banking. The author has stated that Islamic Banks are prohibited from acquiring any three elements into their transactions which are interest (Riba), uncertainty (Gharar), and gambling (Maysir). Since now, the Islamic Windows are very popular, there is an uncertainty whether the conventional banks with Islamic Windows products are receiving or paying any three elements stated above. There are several financial contracts which stated by the author, which are cost plus sales (Murabaha), credit sales (bay bithaman ajil), leasing (Ijarah), partnerships (Mudarabah and Musharakah), forward contracts (Salam and Istisna), and also Qardul Hasan (benevolent loan). Along with these financial contracts, there are several risks which the bank should bear. Some of the risks are credit r isk, liquidity risk, withdrawal risk, legal risk, operational risk and also the fiduciary risk. One of the risks which is commonly bear by the Islamic Bank is credit risk which means the risk is arise due to the asymmetric information. Mahmood H. Al-Osaimy Ahmed S. Bamakhramah, 2004, An Early Warning System for Islamic Banks Performance, Islamic Econ., vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 3-14 This article is about the warning system for Islamic banks performance where the author explored the increasing demand for predicting the performance of Islamic banks due to the vital importance of any problem that may face these banks before it materializes and negatively affects their performance and their financial status. The article comprehensively analyzes the save on the costs of bad performance or failure to depositors, owners and the economy. The rationale for an early warning system comes from several reasons. However, this article tries to find out at benefiting from the previous research efforts on the subject to develop a preliminary model for the prediction of the performance level of Islamic banks (i.e. an early warning system), hoping for further development and improvisation and application. The author also does the research or study on Discriminate analysis and scores are then extracted and used to differentiation between the higher and lower performance groups of banks, then forming a possible early warning system for the prediction of future performance of the observed banks. Lastly it was tested and conclusions were made. Racha Ghayad, 2008, Corporate Governance and the Global Performance of Islamic Banks, Humanomics, vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 207-216 In this article, the author attempts to study the corporate governance and the global performance of Islamic banks. The author found that the elements that affect the performance of Islamic banks are the internal variables of quantitative nature and the internal qualitative variables. The author also revealed that the previous Sharia board members have lack of knowledge in modern banking, experience, and banking language. In order to ensure a better quality of supervision and consultation, they need a qualification in finance and commerce. Besides that, the author has addressed two roles of Sharia board in the operation of Islamic banks which are legal and tacit role. These roles are essential in order to ensure that the Islamic banks are in compliance with the Sharia rules and principle in their operation. Salina H. Kassim M. Shabri Abd. Majid, 2010, Impact of financial shocks on Islamic banks : Malaysian evidence during 1997 and 2007 financial crises, International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, vol. 3 No. 4, pp. 291-305 From the article above, the author is discussing on the ability of the Islamic banks facing the financial crisis, namely the 1997 Asian financial crisis and 2007 financial crisis. The study is to look whether the Islamic banks is more resilient compared to the conventional banks. This is due to the instinctive nature which all of the financial transactions must be based on the trade and also asset linked. This is also because of the Islamic banks practices which emphasize on the trade based arrangements and prohibits the involvement of the interest based transactions. From the quotation of other journal stated in this article, there is proof that Islamic banks are more liquid than the conventional banks and thus less exposed to the liquidity risk. The author use two methodologies to test the Islamic banks and deposits financing. There are impulse responds functions and variance decomposition analysis. The result shows that Islamic financing respond significantly to the crisis. Sudin Harun, 1996, The Effects of Management Policy on the Performance of Islamic Banks, Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 1996, Vol. 13, No. 2 In this article, the author attempt to examine the effects of management policy on the performance of Islamic banks. Author used three variables included investment, savings and current accounts to indicate the effects of management policy on profitability. The author also found an opposite relation between fund-use management and profitability ratios. Other than that, the author also found the percentage of income from financing activities towards profit-sharing ratio measures between Islamic banks and the users of fund. For the profit-sharing ratio between banks and depositors, it seem give benefits to both parties. Turen S., 1996, Performance and Risk Analysis of the Islamic Bank: The Case of Bahrain Islamic Bank, Islamic Econ., vol. 8, pp. 3-14 In this article, the author uses the analysis from Bahrain Islamic banks. The purpose of this paper is to investigate quantitatively and also at micro level the claim that Islamic banking offers high performance and stability and to evaluate the risk-return characteristics of the Islamic banks, Bahrain Islamic Bank (BIB) has been taken as an example. The research is conducted through three different methods that is financial ratio analysis and stock analysis both indicate that BIB offers a higher return and a lower coefficient of variation than the other commercial banks. Portfolio analysis too, shows that BIBs stock is the best for the purpose of portfolio diversification. The results of the investigation can be used as a partial but quantitative explanation to the arguments whether the profit sharing concept of Islamic banking can achieve a higher profitability and lower risk than conventional commercial banks.  ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­____________________________________________________________________________ SUMMARY OF JOURNAL ARTICLES ON THE RESEARCH TOPIC From the literature review above of the title of The Performance of the Islamic Banks in Malaysia, we had found that there are many determinants of the Islamic banks to be efficient in various ways. From the topic above, we can clarify that Islamic banks also has to perform better to compete with the conventional banks. Most of the articles summarized are discussing on the performance if Islamic banks itself and its efficiency. We believe that the summary is important to the research topic when it will be conducted.

It Is Often Stated That Prison Does Not Work Because of...

Introduction What is Recidivism- Recidivism is a term, applied in the Criminal Justice System for criminals who despite having been punished for a crime go on to repeat it, only to be returned to a custodial sentence. It is for this particular reason that the penal system need to decide whether the system is effective in doing its job, or reforms are needed to improve the way it conducts itself. What causes Recidivism? Recidivism is caused by criminals who have been through the courts and prison system and still refuse to turn away from crime; the causes of repeat crime may involve many social factors, such as society, the economic climate, or family issues that may affect the criminal in a negative manner. Perhaps the need for†¦show more content†¦June 1998-June 2001 * Total prisoner population, despite growing slightly between 25%- 27% remained stable (700) Increase did not occur as rapidly as it would have had the HDC not been introduced.( Home Detention Curfew) * The increasing custody rates continued grew from 25%-27% due to extension of executive recall of medium-term prisoners. June 2001-June 2003 * Prisons saw an increase of 7,300 caused by increase in remand, recall and sentenced population * Increase driven by those serving more than 4 years or more. * Reflecting a more frequent deployment of longer sentences, again due to most offences being sentenced for VATP and drug offences. June 2003-2005 * Saw a small increase of 2,500 in prison population June 205-2009 * Despite introducing the ECL (End of Custody Licence) the population rose to 5,900 due to lagged effect of previous large increases of offenders who were on longer sentences. The Ministry of Justice Bulletin states that the overall increase in the prison population of 66% was due to the segments mentioned in the beginning of my report. According Juliet Lyon, Director of Prison Reform, the answer to the rise in prison population lies in the way crime is viewed by the media and whatever political party is in power at the time She also states that high profile and disturbing cases tend to distort the perception of the public at large and making them intolerant to crime in any form. Juliet debates thatShow MoreRelatedPrison Reform Topic Paper : Prisons6604 Words   |  27 PagesPrison Reform Topic Paper Submitted By: Toni Nielson - CSU, Fullerton Unique Educational Opportunities Prisons are closed institutions. They are established and funded by governments to hold people against their will, but why punish (Zyl Smit, 2010)? What is the purpose of prison? This fundamental question stirs up a significant amount of debate. The government, citizens, educators, and even prisoners are divided about the right answers. There is disagreement in the US about the purpose ofRead MoreThe Prison System Needs Reform7898 Words   |  32 PagesPrisons have become one of the most polarizing topics, especially, in the United States and even around the world. Whether the prison system needs reform or outside forces are changing how prisons operate. Prisons are becoming overcrowded. Overcrowding is causing problems within the prisons with sexual assault, healthcare, racism, and solitary confinement. These came to more attention in 2014. When T.J. Lane escapes from Allen Oakwood Correctional Institution. T.J. Lane was serving three life sentencesRead MoreEssay on Pedophiles and the Criminal Justice System8452 Words   |  34 PagesWhen one thinks of a young child one thinks of joy, innocence, and being carefree. Too often than not though that innocence is taken from a young child through sexual abuse. Studies have shown over and over again that a child who has been sexually abused carries those scars with them into adulthood, many times affecting adult relationships. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; When aRead MoreLaw Enforcement in the 21st Century15936 Words   |  64 PagesDepartment of the Treasury U.S. Postal Service Tribal Agencies Chapter Objectives ââ€"  Describe the concept of linkage blindness and its importance in the criminal justice system. ââ€"  Understand the police role in maintaining social control. ââ€"  Explain why discretion is a necessary aspect of policing. ââ€"  Explain what is meant by the rule of law. ââ€"  Understand the role of law enforcement in the criminal justice system. ââ€"  Contrast the crime control and due process models. ââ€"  List the different levels of law

Organizational Behaviour for Transactional Analysis and Johari

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Behaviour for Transactional Analysis and Johari. Answer: Organizational behaviour is the study of human behaviour in organizational settings (Griffin Moorhead, 2011). Understanding organizational behaviour is crucial for effective human resource management within the organization. Through this course, I have learnt various tools that have helped me in gaining a deeper insight about my own personality. These tools have also helped me highlight my strengths and weaknesses. The predominant tools used are MBTI, DISC, transactional analysis and Johari Window. These tools have helped me understand and further analyze my behaviour in terms of communication and conflict management. Johari window is an effective tool that can be used for training self-awareness, improving communications and interpersonal relationships (Hillson Murray-Webster, 2017). The matrix has been effectively designed for people to gain a deeper insight into their personalities. There are certain aspects of my personality which are known to myself and all around me. Every individual has a large open arena. There are many personality attributes of individuals that are known to everyone. As a person, I have always been an open book and rarely shied away from sharing my feelings or emotions. My open arena includes my personality attributes include my extrovert, helping, assertive, practical and highly optimistic nature. While using this tool, I tried to seek feedback from my peers and friends in order to understand those aspects of my personality which are unknown to me but known to others. My friends mentioned to me that I often tend to get highly aggressive during arguments and entirely fail to consider the viewpoints of others. Another feedback that I received was that I can sometimes get insensitive towards peoples feelings or emotions as I tend to be too practical in my behavior. The third section of the matrix that focuses on personality attributes that an individual is aware of but others are unaware of (McCabe Timmins, 2013). This includes my massive stage fear and inability to articulate and present my thoughts in an effective manner. This test helped me in understanding that I must learn to be more sensitive towards other people and respect their opinions. Being modest is important to grow in organization and build positive relationships with colleagues and clients. Therefore, I would work towards enhancing my threshold for patience and resolving conflicts in an effective manner. Transactional analysis throws light on four important states that an individual can be in. These four stats include two parent states and two child states (Clarkson, 2013). In a parent state, one can be nurturing or controlling while in the child state one can be free or adaptive. After online surveys and seeking feedback from my friends and family members, I have realized that my dominant state is that of a Controlling parent. This depicts a strong personality and the ability to convince people. The results also people with this dominant state find it difficult to be open to learning new things and often block themselves from developing new ideas. This can act against me in the long run. At workplace, especially in the field of sales, employees have to interact with new clients frequently. Each client is different and hence needs to be treated differently. Success and growth in any organization is only plausible when one is open to learning and embracing new ideas (Barrow, Bradshaw Newton, 2012). Therefore I would work upon improving this aspect of my personality.However, this personality instils traits of an authoritative leader. Autocratic leaders assist the organization by bringing order and control to the everyday operations of the organization. DISC personality test demonstrates an individuals personality depending upon four important factors of dominance, influence, steadiness and compliance (Lykourentzou et. al., 2016). My DISC personality test results showed that I have a dominating personality with an immense strong inner motivation to influence people and circumstances. The test results also reflected upon my competitive nature. I scored the high in two areas; dominance and influence. I can completely relate with the analysis of the test. The test results highlight me as a dominant person that can have a large influence on others. DISC personality model is highly effective for an individual in analyzing their personality (Emanuel, 2013). The tool can highlight the aspects that an individual needs to work upon. I have scored the least in compliance. This reflects that I have a difficult time in complying with what is being told to me. This is true for my behavior. I believe in doing things on my own regard and opinions of others matter less to me. In fact, very often I find it difficult for myself to listen to authorities and obey them. After taking this test, I analyzed that I need to work upon improving this aspect of my personality comply with and respect those in authority. In the workplace, it is important to establish a clear chain of command. In such a case, I would have to report to my seniors. Hence, it is imperative that I improve upon this from now onwards. I have also scored really less in Steadiness. Steadiness reflects upon the individuals ability to have patience, control temperament and be persistent. As a person, I have been very impatient and this attribute can hamper my work life. I wish to make a career in the field of sales. A sales job requires consistent follow ups and immense persistence. Hence, it is required that I start improving this part of my personality. Myers Briggs test is one of the most renowned personality tests which helps people in understanding which personality type to they fall into out of the pre-determined 16 personality types (McShane Glinow, 2013). These personality types are based on eight importance indicators. These indicators are extroversion and introversion, perceiving and judging, sensing and intuitive and lastly thinking and feeling (Lloyd, 2012). After taking the test, I realized that my personality type is ESTJ (Extroversion, sensing, thinking and judging). My results of the test resonate well with my personality. Through this test I came to understand how I handle different situations in life. I have always been an extremely practical person. I try to make the best out of every situation by evaluating the pros and cons. I am judgmental and I only believe in making practical choices in life. I have understood that my personality type has certain advantages as well as disadvantages. Being practical helps me in taking calculated risks and be prepared for unforeseen situations that I may encounter in my future workplace. Strictly from a work perspective, being practical and calculate helps in being more prepared. Owing to this personality type, I have decided to build a career in sales and marketing. In order to be successful in the same I need to focus upon my communication as well as relationship management skills. Sales job requires excellence in communication and negotiation skills (Martin, 2011). I would try to make these my strength and excel in sales field of a leading organization. One specific incident wherein I applied the MBTI model in order to resolve conflict was my recent argument with my team members. We needed to do a project that required us to introduce a new product and try to sell it to our friends and family members. My team member was introducing products which was creative for others but would not help us in making any profits. On the other hand, I had done a demand analysis for the product and I realized it will not sell in the market. After various arguments, I realized that my team member has an entirely different personality from me. I asked her to take the MBTI test and her personality type was ENFP. This made me realize that she is highly creative and emotional. It is difficult for her to see things practically. On the other hand, I am very practical and often assertive. In order to resolve this conflict, I decided to take a step back. I had a one on one meeting with her wherein we mutually decided that we can work together more effectively . She can focus on the creative side of our new product and make it appealing to customers. Along with that, I can take care of more practical issues including reducing our overall costs and increasing profit margins. The example given above is one of the many examples in my life where I tried to understand different personality types of people. Personality tests like MBTI, DISC and TA help people in resolving conflicts and enhancing their level of communication with others. Resolving conflict in an effective manner is imperative for the long term success of any relationship (Moore, 2014). This course and these tests have largely helped me in gaining a much deeper insight about my own personality. Self-reflection helps people in identifying their weakness so that they can work upon it. I am grateful that I took this course through my learnings here, I have been able to take control of the conflicts that I face and resolve them effectively. I will continue to take these tests every few months in order to stay updated about my own strengths and weaknesses. References Barrow, G., Bradshaw, E. and Newton, T., 2012.Improving behaviour and raising self-esteem in the classroom: A practical guide to using transactional analysis. Routledge. United Kingdom. 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